The old Balkan words - Man, Tribe etc

**kestutisturbo** · #1 (**permalink**) Thursday, June 28th, 2007

The Balkan area is supposed to be the cradle of the first Europe inhabitants coming from Anatolia and Levant - 45-35 thousand year BC.
Exploring the oldest roots of some words (see ProtoWorld language The ProtoWorld language reconstruction )
it is necessary to research the main and the most important objects names in Balkan!

How do You say in Balkan languages - HUMAN and MAN(male), MAN(female)...?

Slovenian:

Croatian:

Man- čovjek
Man (male) - muškarac (Bardyllis)
Man (female) -

tribe:

father:

mother:

brother:

sister:

grandfather:

grandmother:

son:

daughter:

family:

And many other surprisingly specific words for certain relatives:

uncle (mother's brother):
uncle (father's brother):
aunt:
husband:
wife:

parents-in-law (to husband):
parents-in-law (to wife):
wife's brother:
wife's sister (This one is interesting)::
husband's brother:
husband's sister:

wifes of two brothers are to each other:
husbands of two sisters are to each other:

great-grandfather/mother:
great-great-grandfather/mother:

Serbian: -------- Bulgarian:

Man- čovek
Man (male) - muškarac (Bardyllis)
Man (female) -

Serbian:
----------

Man- človek
Man (male) - moški (Bardyllis)
Man (female) -
family: PORODICA (from ROD, RODITI - to give birth), FAMILIJA and OBITELJ (obsolete; from OBITOVATI - to live /together/; used to describe monastery 'families' of monks)

tribe: PLEME

father: OTAC (?); nicknames: TATA, TALE, TAJO, ĆAĆA, ĆALE, BÁBO, BÁBA. Supposedly there was an older form PITAR (PITATI, to feed /Slavonic/) meaning 'feeder', which connects to Latin PATER and Germanic VATER/FATHER

mother: MATER (never used to address her like that), MATERA; nicknames: MAJKA ('official'), MAMA, MAJA, MATI (less formal)

brother: BRAT

sister: SESTRA

grandfather: DĚD; DEDA, DIDA, DEDO, ĐED... also used for any old man

grandmother: BABA; BAJKA, BAKA - also used for any old woman

son: SIN

daughter: corrupted from Slavonic D'ŠTER (never in use) KĆER, KĆERKA, ĆERKA, ŠĆER (local)

And many other surprisingly specific words for certain relatives:

uncle (mother's brother): UJAK; his wife is UJNA. You are to him NETIJAK or NEĆAK (compare: Nephew)
uncle (father's brother): STRIC; his wife is STRINA. You are to him SINOVAC
aunt: TETKA; her husband TETAK or TEČA. You are to her SESTRIĆ or BRATIĆ (depends on whether you are her sister's or her brother's son)
husband: MUŽ, SUPRUG; to his wife's relatives, he is ZET
wife: ŽENA, SUPRUGA; to her husband relatives, she is SNAŠA or SNAJKA

Cousins (children of aunts and uncles) are considered 'second' brothers and sisters, and are called brat and sestra, as one's own siblings.

This one is interesting:
SVASTIKA: wife's sister. How is this related to symbol svastika? Simply through Sanskrit SVAST meaning happiness. SVAST is the root of both SESTRA and SVASTIKA. Originally, it is I-E 'SVASTRA', derived to Schwester in German and sister in English, in Serbian it was reduced to sestra, but in svastika the root remained unchanged, due to easier pronunciation and lack of simplification possibilities.

parents-in-law (to husband): TAST and TAŠTA, or PUNAC and PUNICA (local and obsolete)
parents-in-law (to wife): SVEKAR and SVEKRVA
wife's brother: ŠURAK
wife's sister: SVASTIKA
husband's brother: DĚVER
husband's sister: ZAOVA

wifes of two brothers are to each other: JETRVA
husbands of two sisters are to each other: PAŠENOG

great-grandfather/mother: PRA-DĚD/BABA
great-great-grandfather/mother: ČUKUN-DĚD/BABA

(Levin)

Albanian:
MAN- njeri
Man (male) - burrë
Man (female) - grua

tribe:

father:

mother:

brother:

sister:

grandfather:

grandmother:

son:

daughter:

family:

And many other surprisingly specific words for certain relatives:

uncle (mother's brother):
uncle (father's brother):
aunt:
husband:
wife:

parents-in-law (to husband):
parents-in-law (to wife):
wife's brother:
wife's sister (This one is interesting)::
husband's brother:
husband's sister:

wifes of two brothers are to each other:
husbands of two sisters are to each other:

great-grandfather/mother:
great-great-grandfather/mother:

English-Albanian and Albanian-English dictionary / Fjalor anglisht-shqip dhe shqip anglisht An English - Albanian, Albanian - English Online Dictionary.
(Bardyllis)

Montenegrin

Man-
Man (male) -
Man (female) -

tribe:

father:

mother:

brother:

sister:

grandfather:

grandmother:

son:

daughter:

family:

And many other surprisingly specific words for certain relatives:

uncle (mother's brother):
uncle (father's brother):
aunt:
husband:
wife:

parents-in-law (to husband):
parents-in-law (to wife):
wife's brother:
wife's sister (This one is interesting)::
husband's brother:
husband's sister:

wifes of two brothers are to each other:
husbands of two sisters are to each other:

great-grandfather/mother:
great-great-grandfather/mother:

Macedonian

man- čovek
Man (male) - maz(z as in Jacques Chirac---i dont know how to add apostrophes and things) (Dime)

Man (female) -

tribe:

father:

mother:

brother:

sister:

grandfather:

grandmother:

son:

daughter:

family:

And many other surprisingly specific words for certain relatives:

uncle (mother's brother):
uncle (father's brother):
aunt: TETKA;
husband:
wife:

parents-in-law (to husband):
parents-in-law (to wife):
wife's brother:
wife's sister (This one is interesting)::
husband's brother:
husband's sister:

wifes of two brothers are to each other:
husbands of two sisters are to each other:

great-grandfather/mother:
great-great-grandfather/mother:

Greek(new) :

MAN - Andros.
Man (male) -
Man (female) -

tribe:

father:

mother:

brother:

sister:

grandfather:

grandmother:

son:

daughter:

family:

And many other surprisingly specific words for certain relatives:

uncle (mother's brother):
uncle (father's brother):
aunt: TETKA;
husband:
wife:

parents-in-law (to husband):
parents-in-law (to wife):
wife's brother:
wife's sister (This one is interesting)::
husband's brother:
husband's sister:

wifes of two brothers are to each other:
husbands of two sisters are to each other:

great-grandfather/mother:
great-great-grandfather/mother:

Greek(ancient)

tribe:

father:

mother:

brother:

sister:

grandfather:

grandmother:

son:

daughter:

family:

And many other surprisingly specific words for certain relatives:

uncle (mother's brother):
uncle (father's brother):
aunt:
husband:
wife:

parents-in-law (to husband):
parents-in-law (to wife):
wife's brother:
wife's sister (This one is interesting)::
husband's brother:
husband's sister:

wifes of two brothers are to each other:
husbands of two sisters are to each other:

great-grandfather/mother:
great-great-grandfather/mother:

---------------------------------------------------------------------

Thanks to all.

Kest

P.S.

Lithuanian(supposed to be very conservative and archaic indoeuropean language)

Man - Žmogus
Man (male) - vyras
Man (female) - moteris

tribe: gentis

father: tėvas

mother: motina

brother: brolis

sister: sesuo

grandfather: senelis

grandmother: senelė, močiutė

son: sūnus

daughter: dukra

family: šeima

And many other surprisingly specific words for certain relatives:

uncle (mother's brother): dėdė
uncle (father's brother): dėdė
aunt: teta
husband: vyras
wife: žmona

parents-in-law (to husband):
parents-in-law (to wife):
wife's brother: švogeris
wife's sister (This one is interesting)::
husband's brother:
husband's sister:

wifes of two brothers are to each other:
husbands of two sisters are to each other:

great-grandfather/mother: prosenelė
great-great-grandfather/mother: prosenelis

Russian

Man- chieloviek (человек)
Man (male) - muzcina (мужчина)
Man (female) - zenscina (женщина)

Finnish
Man- ichminen
Man (male) - nainen
Man (female) - Mies

tribe: kansa

father: ise

mother: ayti

brother: veli

sister: sisko
grandfather: isoise

grandmother: isoaity

son: poika

daughter: dutter

family: perhe

And many other surprisingly specific words for certain relatives:

uncle (mother's brother): eno
uncle (father's brother): seta
aunt: teti
husband: aviomies
wife: vaimo

parents-in-law (to husband):
parents-in-law (to wife):
wife's brother: švogeris
wife's sister (This one is interesting)::
husband's brother:
husband's sister:

wifes of two brothers are to each other:
husbands of two sisters are to each other:

great-grandfather/mother: isoisoise
great-great-grandfather/mother: isoisoaiti

***Gromoljut*** · #2 (**permalink**) Friday, June 29th, 2007

Woman: ženska
Wife: žena (soproga, which means simply "female companion")
Hag (derogatory for woman): ženšče
Man: moški (or mož, but this second word has limited uses and they are not equal)
child: otrok (supposed etimology: od-rok, litterally "away from the hands", the word supposedly meant a slave or simply an unequal, who had to be given food (with the hands))
child: additionally, dete is used (for small children)
baby: dojenček (dojiti=to nurse, "one who is breast-fed")

tribe: pleme, rod

father: oče (vocative of "otec", now used as nominative)

mother: mati, mama

brother: brat

sister: sestra

grandfather: stari oče, ded, dedek

grandmother: stara mati/stara mama, babica, babi

son: sin

daughter: hči, hčerka

family: družina; also rod, sorodstvo (wider family)

uncle (mother's brother): ujec (it's archaic, "stric" is used for this as well nowadays)
uncle (father's brother): stric
aunt: teta, also strina (in certain dialects)
husband: mož, ženin (groom, litterally means "wife's - of the wife"), soprog
wife: žena, nevesta (bride), soproga

parents-in-law (to husband): tast(m) & tašča(f)
parents-in-law (to wife): tast(m) & tašča(f)
wife's brother: svak
wife's sister (This one is interesting):: svakinja
husband's brother: svak
husband's sister: svakinja
note that "svak" & "svakinja" are also used for your sibling's partners (for example, your brother's wife is also your "svakinja")

wifes of two brothers are to each other: I honestly don't know

husbands of two sisters are to each other: this as well

I better ask my grandparents

great-grandfather/mother: praded, pradedek
great-great-grandfather/mother: prapraded, prapradedek

I hope this helps.
BTW, why don't you write the baltic (at least lithuanian) forms? You get all the fun of comparing languages while we play dictionary-niggers for you

Levin · #3 (**permalink**) Saturday, June 30th, 2007

Kestutis Turbo: Please correct Serbian terms for Man (human), man and woman. You seem to have put Slovenian words.

------

This might be interesting also, I don't know how many languages have specific terms for this:

(Generation 0)
1st gen.: OTAC (father)
2nd gen.: DĚD (grandfather)
3rd gen.: PRADĚD (great-grandfather)
4th gen.: ČUKUNDĚD (great-great-grandfather)
5th gen.: NAVRNDĚD (great-great-great-grandfather)
6th gen.: KURĐEL (great-great-... I give up)
7th gen.: ASKURĐEL
8th gen.: KURĐUP
9th gen.: KURLEBALO
10th gen.: SUKURĐEL
11th gen.: SURDEPAČ
12th gen.: OMŽIKUR
13th gen.: KURAJBER

Why the hell people invented those terms - I don't know. The word 'kurajber' is also a part of modern slang, meaning a totally unimportant person.

In my area, it is common to use term ASKURĐEL (7th gen.) for great-great-great-grandfather (5th gen.).

I marked the 5th generation of ancestors, because it is an important line where kinship starts with Serbs. If two people have the same 5th ancestor (NAVRNDEDA), they are considered relatives. Also, marriages between persons that are related up to the 5th generation of ancestors is considered incestuous (not legally, but traditionally). 'The barrier' of the 5th generation is often called BELE PČELE (white bees) or BELE OSE (white wasps). In some parts even BELI ORAO (white eagle). All this is less known to modern youth, but it is a part of tradition that still lives in rural areas.

**kestutisturbo** · #4 (**permalink**) Friday, July 6th, 2007

Quote:

Originally Posted by Levin

Why the hell people invented those terms - I don't know. The word 'kurajber' is also a part of modern slang, meaning a totally unimportant person.

In my area, it is common to use term ASKURĐEL (7th gen.) for great-great-great-grandfather (5th gen.).

I suppose, there was some wery closed but contacting inside society containing some willages in the montains and it was important to have such information. They must have some very old tales about their predecessors.

I know only one southern Baltic (Jotvingis) duke knight - SKURDAS, but are those names related I can't answer.

**kestutisturbo** · #5 (**permalink**) Friday, July 6th, 2007

The Balkan area is supposed to be the cradle of the first Europe inhabitants coming from Anatolia and Levant - 45-35 thousand year BC.
Exploring the oldest roots of some words (see ProtoWorld language The ProtoWorld language reconstruction )
it is necessary to research the main and the most important objects names in Balkan!

How do You say in Balkan languages - HUMAN and MAN(male), MAN(female)...?

Slovenian:

Man- človek
Man (male) - moški (Bardyllis)
Man (female) -
family

Woman: ženska
Wife: žena (soproga, which means simply "female companion")
Hag (derogatory for woman): ženšče
Man: moški (or mož, but this second word has limited uses and they are not equal)
child: otrok (supposed etimology: od-rok, litterally "away from the hands", the word supposedly meant a slave or simply an unequal, who had to be given food (with the hands))
child: additionally, dete is used (for small children)
baby: dojenček (dojiti=to nurse, "one who is breast-fed")

tribe: pleme, rod

father: oče (vocative of "otec", now used as nominative)

mother: mati, mama

brother: brat

sister: sestra

grandfather: stari oče, ded, dedek

grandmother: stara mati/stara mama, babica, babi

son: sin

daughter: hči, hčerka

family: družina; also rod, sorodstvo (wider family)

uncle (mother's brother): ujec (it's archaic, "stric" is used for this as well nowadays)
uncle (father's brother): stric
aunt: teta, also strina (in certain dialects)
husband: mož, ženin (groom, litterally means "wife's - of the wife"), soprog
wife: žena, nevesta (bride), soproga

parents-in-law (to husband): tast(m) & tašča(f)
parents-in-law (to wife): tast(m) & tašča(f)
wife's brother: svak
wife's sister (This one is interesting):: svakinja
husband's brother: svak
husband's sister: svakinja
note that "svak" & "svakinja" are also used for your sibling's partners (for example, your brother's wife is also your "svakinja")

wifes of two brothers are to each other: I honestly don't know
husbands of two sisters are to each other: this as well I better ask my grandparents

great-grandfather/mother: praded, pradedek
great-great-grandfather/mother: prapraded, prapradedek
(by Gromoljut)

Croatian:

Man- čovjek
Man (male) - muškarac (Bardyllis)
Man (female) -

tribe:

father:

mother:

brother:

sister:

grandfather:

grandmother:

son:

daughter:

family:

And many other surprisingly specific words for certain relatives:

uncle (mother's brother):
uncle (father's brother):
aunt:
husband:
wife:

parents-in-law (to husband):
parents-in-law (to wife):
wife's brother:
wife's sister (This one is interesting)::
husband's brother:
husband's sister:

wifes of two brothers are to each other:
husbands of two sisters are to each other:

great-grandfather/mother:
great-great-grandfather/mother:

Serbian: -------- Bulgarian:

Man- čovek
Man (male) - muškarac (Bardyllis)
Man (female) -

Serbian:
----------

Man-
Man (male) -
Man (female) -
family: PORODICA (from ROD, RODITI - to give birth), FAMILIJA and OBITELJ (obsolete; from OBITOVATI - to live /together/; used to describe monastery 'families' of monks)

tribe: PLEME

father: OTAC (?); nicknames: TATA, TALE, TAJO, ĆAĆA, ĆALE, BÁBO, BÁBA. Supposedly there was an older form PITAR (PITATI, to feed /Slavonic/) meaning 'feeder', which connects to Latin PATER and Germanic VATER/FATHER

mother: MATER (never used to address her like that), MATERA; nicknames: MAJKA ('official'), MAMA, MAJA, MATI (less formal)

brother: BRAT

sister: SESTRA

grandfather: DĚD; DEDA, DIDA, DEDO, ĐED... also used for any old man

grandmother: BABA; BAJKA, BAKA - also used for any old woman

son: SIN

daughter: corrupted from Slavonic D'ŠTER (never in use) KĆER, KĆERKA, ĆERKA, ŠĆER (local)

And many other surprisingly specific words for certain relatives:

uncle (mother's brother): UJAK; his wife is UJNA. You are to him NETIJAK or NEĆAK (compare: Nephew)
uncle (father's brother): STRIC; his wife is STRINA. You are to him SINOVAC
aunt: TETKA; her husband TETAK or TEČA. You are to her SESTRIĆ or BRATIĆ (depends on whether you are her sister's or her brother's son)
husband: MUŽ, SUPRUG; to his wife's relatives, he is ZET
wife: ŽENA, SUPRUGA; to her husband relatives, she is SNAŠA or SNAJKA

Cousins (children of aunts and uncles) are considered 'second' brothers and sisters, and are called brat and sestra, as one's own siblings.

This one is interesting:
SVASTIKA: wife's sister. How is this related to symbol svastika? Simply through Sanskrit SVAST meaning happiness. SVAST is the root of both SESTRA and SVASTIKA. Originally, it is I-E 'SVASTRA', derived to Schwester in German and sister in English, in Serbian it was reduced to sestra, but in svastika the root remained unchanged, due to easier pronunciation and lack of simplification possibilities.

parents-in-law (to husband): TAST and TAŠTA, or PUNAC and PUNICA (local and obsolete)
parents-in-law (to wife): SVEKAR and SVEKRVA
wife's brother: ŠURAK
wife's sister: SVASTIKA
husband's brother: DĚVER
husband's sister: ZAOVA

wifes of two brothers are to each other: JETRVA
husbands of two sisters are to each other: PAŠENOG

great-grandfather/mother: PRA-DĚD/BABA
great-great-grandfather/mother: ČUKUN-DĚD/BABA

(Levin)

Albanian:
MAN- njeri
Man (male) - burrë
Man (female) - grua

tribe:

father:

mother:

brother:

sister:

grandfather:

grandmother:

son:

daughter:

family:

And many other surprisingly specific words for certain relatives:

uncle (mother's brother):
uncle (father's brother):
aunt:
husband:
wife:

parents-in-law (to husband):
parents-in-law (to wife):
wife's brother:
wife's sister (This one is interesting)::
husband's brother:
husband's sister:

wifes of two brothers are to each other:
husbands of two sisters are to each other:

great-grandfather/mother:
great-great-grandfather/mother:

English-Albanian and Albanian-English dictionary / Fjalor anglisht-shqip dhe shqip anglisht An English - Albanian, Albanian - English Online Dictionary.
(Bardyllis)

Montenegrin

Man-
Man (male) -
Man (female) -

tribe:

father:

mother:

brother:

sister:

grandfather:

grandmother:

son:

daughter:

family:

And many other surprisingly specific words for certain relatives:

uncle (mother's brother):
uncle (father's brother):
aunt:
husband:
wife:

parents-in-law (to husband):
parents-in-law (to wife):
wife's brother:
wife's sister (This one is interesting)::
husband's brother:
husband's sister:

wifes of two brothers are to each other:
husbands of two sisters are to each other:

great-grandfather/mother:
great-great-grandfather/mother:

Macedonian

man- čovek
Man (male) - maz(z as in Jacques Chirac---i dont know how to add apostrophes and things) (Dime)

Man (female) -

tribe:

father:

mother:

brother:

sister:

grandfather:

grandmother:

son:

daughter:

family:

And many other surprisingly specific words for certain relatives:

uncle (mother's brother):
uncle (father's brother):
aunt: TETKA;
husband:
wife:

parents-in-law (to husband):
parents-in-law (to wife):
wife's brother:
wife's sister (This one is interesting)::
husband's brother:
husband's sister:

wifes of two brothers are to each other:
husbands of two sisters are to each other:

great-grandfather/mother:
great-great-grandfather/mother:

Greek(new) :

MAN - Andros.
Man (male) -
Man (female) -

tribe:

father:

mother:

brother:

sister:

grandfather:

grandmother:

son:

daughter:

family:

And many other surprisingly specific words for certain relatives:

uncle (mother's brother):
uncle (father's brother):
aunt: TETKA;
husband:
wife:

parents-in-law (to husband):
parents-in-law (to wife):
wife's brother:
wife's sister (This one is interesting)::
husband's brother:
husband's sister:

wifes of two brothers are to each other:
husbands of two sisters are to each other:

great-grandfather/mother:
great-great-grandfather/mother:

Greek(ancient)

tribe:

father:

mother:

brother:

sister:

grandfather:

grandmother:

son:

daughter:

family:

And many other surprisingly specific words for certain relatives:

uncle (mother's brother):
uncle (father's brother):
aunt:
husband:
wife:

parents-in-law (to husband):
parents-in-law (to wife):
wife's brother:
wife's sister (This one is interesting)::
husband's brother:
husband's sister:

wifes of two brothers are to each other:
husbands of two sisters are to each other:

great-grandfather/mother:
great-great-grandfather/mother:

---------------------------------------------------------------------

Thanks to all.

Kest

P.S.

Lithuanian(supposed to be very conservative and archaic indoeuropean language)

Man - Žmogus
Man (male) - vyras
Man (female) - moteris

tribe: gentis

father: tėvas

mother: motina

brother: brolis

sister: sesuo

grandfather: senelis

grandmother: senelė, močiutė

son: sūnus

daughter: dukra

family: šeima

And many other surprisingly specific words for certain relatives:

uncle (mother's brother): dėdė
uncle (father's brother): dėdė
aunt: teta
husband: vyras
wife: žmona

parents-in-law (to husband):
parents-in-law (to wife):
wife's brother: švogeris
wife's sister (This one is interesting)::
husband's brother:
husband's sister:

wifes of two brothers are to each other:
husbands of two sisters are to each other:

great-grandfather/mother: prosenelė
great-great-grandfather/mother: prosenelis

Russian

Man- chieloviek (человек)
Man (male) - muzcina (мужчина)
Man (female) - zenscina (женщина)

Finnish
Man- ichminen
Man (male) - nainen
Man (female) - Mies

tribe: kansa

father: ise

mother: ayti

brother: veli

sister: sisko
grandfather: isoise

grandmother: isoaity

son: poika

daughter: dutter

family: perhe

And many other surprisingly specific words for certain relatives:

uncle (mother's brother): eno
uncle (father's brother): seta
aunt: teti
husband: aviomies
wife: vaimo

parents-in-law (to husband):
parents-in-law (to wife):
wife's brother: švogeris
wife's sister (This one is interesting)::
husband's brother:
husband's sister:

wifes of two brothers are to each other:
husbands of two sisters are to each other:

great-grandfather/mother: isoisoise
great-great-grandfather/mother: isoisoaiti

**kestutisturbo** · #6 (**permalink**) Friday, July 6th, 2007

Quote:

Originally Posted by Gromoljut

Woman: ženska
Wife: žena (soproga, which means simply "female companion")
Hag (derogatory for woman): ženšče
Man: moški (or mož, but this second word has limited uses and they are not equal)
child: otrok (supposed etimology: od-rok, litterally "away from the hands", the word supposedly meant a slave or simply an unequal, who had to be given food (with the hands))
child: additionally, dete is used (for small children)
baby: dojenček (dojiti=to nurse, "one who is breast-fed")

tribe: pleme, rod

father: oče (vocative of "otec", now used as nominative)

mother: mati, mama

brother: brat

sister: sestra

grandfather: stari oče, ded, dedek

grandmother: stara mati/stara mama, babica, babi

son: sin

daughter: hči, hčerka

family: družina; also rod, sorodstvo (wider family)

uncle (mother's brother): ujec (it's archaic, "stric" is used for this as well nowadays)
uncle (father's brother): stric
aunt: teta, also strina (in certain dialects)
husband: mož, ženin (groom, litterally means "wife's - of the wife"), soprog
wife: žena, nevesta (bride), soproga

parents-in-law (to husband): tast(m) & tašča(f)
parents-in-law (to wife): tast(m) & tašča(f)
wife's brother: svak
wife's sister (This one is interesting):: svakinja
husband's brother: svak
husband's sister: svakinja
note that "svak" & "svakinja" are also used for your sibling's partners (for example, your brother's wife is also your "svakinja")

wifes of two brothers are to each other: I honestly don't know

husbands of two sisters are to each other: this as well

I better ask my grandparents

great-grandfather/mother: praded, pradedek
great-great-grandfather/mother: prapraded, prapradedek

I hope this helps.
BTW, why don't you write the baltic (at least lithuanian) forms? You get all the fun of comparing languages while we play dictionary-niggers for you

Thanks.I'we placed lithuanian forms in the first thread on the bottom. Some finnish - too. Am I right - You posted beeing Sloven some Slovenian language names here? I've got the head miracle from those all European languages seeking their roots and postings about it. Thanks for help anyway.

Sfd · #7 (**permalink**) Monday, July 9th, 2007

Quote:

Albanian:
MAN- njeri
Man (male) - burrë
Man (female) - grua

tribe:

father:

mother:

brother:

sister:

grandfather:

grandmother:

son:

daughter:

family:

And many other surprisingly specific words for certain relatives:

uncle (mother's brother):
uncle (father's brother):
aunt:
husband:
wife:

parents-in-law (to husband):
parents-in-law (to wife):
wife's brother:
wife's sister (This one is interesting)::
husband's brother:
husband's sister:

wifes of two brothers are to each other:
husbands of two sisters are to each other:

great-grandfather/mother:
great-great-grandfather/mother:

English-Albanian and Albanian-English dictionary / Fjalor anglisht-shqip dhe shqip anglisht An English - Albanian, Albanian - English Online Dictionary.
(Bardyllis)

some help about alb language (only standard dialelect because Albanian language have 4 dialect, Gegë, Toskë, Arbëresh and Arvanitë)

MAN = Njëri or Njeri
Man (male) = Burrë, Zotëri
Man (female) = Grua, Zonjë

tribe: Fis, Farefis
father: At, Atë
mother: Nënë, Nanë
brother: Vëlla, Vlla
sister: Motër

grandfather: Gjysh, Gjyshi
grandmother: Gjyshja
son: Djalë, Bir, çun
daughter: Vajzë, Bijë, Gocë, Qikë
family: Familja, Fis

uncle (mother's brother):
uncle (father's brother):
aunt: , Tezë, Tetë, Hallë
husband: Burri, Bashkshorti, I Shoqi
wife: Gruja, Bashkshortja, Nuse, E Shoqja

great-grandfather/mother: Stergjyshi/Stergjyshja
great-great-grandfather/mother: Katragjyshi/Katragjysja

**kestutisturbo** · #8 (**permalink**) Tuesday, July 10th, 2007

Quote:

Originally Posted by kestutisturbo

The Balkan area is supposed to be the cradle of the first Europe inhabitants coming from Anatolia and Levant - 45-35 thousand year BC.
Exploring the oldest roots of some words (see ProtoWorld language The ProtoWorld language reconstruction )
it is necessary to research the main and the most important objects names in Balkan!

How do You say in Balkan languages - HUMAN and MAN(male), MAN(female)...?

Slovenian:

Man- človek
Man (male) - moški (Bardyllis)
Man (female) -
family

Woman: ženska
Wife: žena (soproga, which means simply "female companion")
Hag (derogatory for woman): ženšče
Man: moški (or mož, but this second word has limited uses and they are not equal)
child: otrok (supposed etimology: od-rok, litterally "away from the hands", the word supposedly meant a slave or simply an unequal, who had to be given food (with the hands))
child: additionally, dete is used (for small children)
baby: dojenček (dojiti=to nurse, "one who is breast-fed")

tribe: pleme, rod

father: oče (vocative of "otec", now used as nominative)

mother: mati, mama

brother: brat

sister: sestra

grandfather: stari oče, ded, dedek

grandmother: stara mati/stara mama, babica, babi

son: sin

daughter: hči, hčerka

family: družina; also rod, sorodstvo (wider family)

uncle (mother's brother): ujec (it's archaic, "stric" is used for this as well nowadays)
uncle (father's brother): stric
aunt: teta, also strina (in certain dialects)
husband: mož, ženin (groom, litterally means "wife's - of the wife"), soprog
wife: žena, nevesta (bride), soproga

parents-in-law (to husband): tast(m) & tašča(f)
parents-in-law (to wife): tast(m) & tašča(f)
wife's brother: svak
wife's sister (This one is interesting):: svakinja
husband's brother: svak
husband's sister: svakinja
note that "svak" & "svakinja" are also used for your sibling's partners (for example, your brother's wife is also your "svakinja")

wifes of two brothers are to each other: I honestly don't know
husbands of two sisters are to each other: this as well I better ask my grandparents

great-grandfather/mother: praded, pradedek
great-great-grandfather/mother: prapraded, prapradedek
(by Gromoljut)

Croatian:

Man- čovjek
Man (male) - muškarac (Bardyllis)
Man (female) -

tribe:

father:

mother:

brother:

sister:

grandfather:

grandmother:

son:

daughter:

family:

And many other surprisingly specific words for certain relatives:

uncle (mother's brother):
uncle (father's brother):
aunt:
husband:
wife:

parents-in-law (to husband):
parents-in-law (to wife):
wife's brother:
wife's sister (This one is interesting)::
husband's brother:
husband's sister:

wifes of two brothers are to each other:
husbands of two sisters are to each other:

great-grandfather/mother:
great-great-grandfather/mother:

Serbian: -------- Bulgarian:

Man- čovek
Man (male) - muškarac (Bardyllis)
Man (female) -

Serbian:
----------

Man-
Man (male) -
Man (female) -
family: PORODICA (from ROD, RODITI - to give birth), FAMILIJA and OBITELJ (obsolete; from OBITOVATI - to live /together/; used to describe monastery 'families' of monks)

tribe: PLEME

father: OTAC (?); nicknames: TATA, TALE, TAJO, ĆAĆA, ĆALE, BÁBO, BÁBA. Supposedly there was an older form PITAR (PITATI, to feed /Slavonic/) meaning 'feeder', which connects to Latin PATER and Germanic VATER/FATHER

mother: MATER (never used to address her like that), MATERA; nicknames: MAJKA ('official'), MAMA, MAJA, MATI (less formal)

brother: BRAT

sister: SESTRA

grandfather: DĚD; DEDA, DIDA, DEDO, ĐED... also used for any old man

grandmother: BABA; BAJKA, BAKA - also used for any old woman

son: SIN

daughter: corrupted from Slavonic D'ŠTER (never in use) KĆER, KĆERKA, ĆERKA, ŠĆER (local)

And many other surprisingly specific words for certain relatives:

uncle (mother's brother): UJAK; his wife is UJNA. You are to him NETIJAK or NEĆAK (compare: Nephew)
uncle (father's brother): STRIC; his wife is STRINA. You are to him SINOVAC
aunt: TETKA; her husband TETAK or TEČA. You are to her SESTRIĆ or BRATIĆ (depends on whether you are her sister's or her brother's son)
husband: MUŽ, SUPRUG; to his wife's relatives, he is ZET
wife: ŽENA, SUPRUGA; to her husband relatives, she is SNAŠA or SNAJKA

Cousins (children of aunts and uncles) are considered 'second' brothers and sisters, and are called brat and sestra, as one's own siblings.

This one is interesting:
SVASTIKA: wife's sister. How is this related to symbol svastika? Simply through Sanskrit SVAST meaning happiness. SVAST is the root of both SESTRA and SVASTIKA. Originally, it is I-E 'SVASTRA', derived to Schwester in German and sister in English, in Serbian it was reduced to sestra, but in svastika the root remained unchanged, due to easier pronunciation and lack of simplification possibilities.

parents-in-law (to husband): TAST and TAŠTA, or PUNAC and PUNICA (local and obsolete)
parents-in-law (to wife): SVEKAR and SVEKRVA
wife's brother: ŠURAK
wife's sister: SVASTIKA
husband's brother: DĚVER
husband's sister: ZAOVA

wifes of two brothers are to each other: JETRVA
husbands of two sisters are to each other: PAŠENOG

great-grandfather/mother: PRA-DĚD/BABA
great-great-grandfather/mother: ČUKUN-DĚD/BABA

(Levin)

Albanian:
(only standard dialelect because Albanian language have 4 dialect, Gegë, Toskë, Arbëresh and Arvanitë) -Sfd

MAN = Njëri or Njeri
Man (male) = Burrë, Zotëri
Man (female) = Grua, Zonjë

tribe: Fis, Farefis
father: At, Atë
mother: Nënë, Nanë
brother: Vëlla, Vlla
sister: Motër

grandfather: Gjysh, Gjyshi
grandmother: Gjyshja
son: Djalë, Bir, çun
daughter: Vajzë, Bijë, Gocë, Qikë
family: Familja, Fis

uncle (mother's brother):
uncle (father's brother):
aunt: , Tezë, Tetë, Hallë
husband: Burri, Bashkshorti, I Shoqi
wife: Gruja, Bashkshortja, Nuse, E Shoqja

great-grandfather/mother: Stergjyshi/Stergjyshja
great-great-grandfather/mother: Katragjyshi/Katragjysja
(by Sfd)

English-Albanian and Albanian-English dictionary / Fjalor anglisht-shqip dhe shqip anglisht An English - Albanian, Albanian - English Online Dictionary.
(Bardyllis)

Montenegrin

Man-
Man (male) -
Man (female) -

tribe:

father:

mother:

brother:

sister:

grandfather:

grandmother:

son:

daughter:

family:

And many other surprisingly specific words for certain relatives:

uncle (mother's brother):
uncle (father's brother):
aunt:
husband:
wife:

parents-in-law (to husband):
parents-in-law (to wife):
wife's brother:
wife's sister (This one is interesting)::
husband's brother:
husband's sister:

wifes of two brothers are to each other:
husbands of two sisters are to each other:

great-grandfather/mother:
great-great-grandfather/mother:

Macedonian

man- čovek
Man (male) - maz(z as in Jacques Chirac---i dont know how to add apostrophes and things) (Dime)

Man (female) -

tribe:

father:

mother:

brother:

sister:

grandfather:

grandmother:

son:

daughter:

family:

And many other surprisingly specific words for certain relatives:

uncle (mother's brother):
uncle (father's brother):
aunt: TETKA;
husband:
wife:

parents-in-law (to husband):
parents-in-law (to wife):
wife's brother:
wife's sister (This one is interesting)::
husband's brother:
husband's sister:

wifes of two brothers are to each other:
husbands of two sisters are to each other:

great-grandfather/mother:
great-great-grandfather/mother:

Greek(new) :

MAN - Andros.
Man (male) -
Man (female) -

tribe:

father:

mother:

brother:

sister:

grandfather:

grandmother:

son:

daughter:

family:

And many other surprisingly specific words for certain relatives:

uncle (mother's brother):
uncle (father's brother):
aunt: TETKA;
husband:
wife:

parents-in-law (to husband):
parents-in-law (to wife):
wife's brother:
wife's sister (This one is interesting)::
husband's brother:
husband's sister:

wifes of two brothers are to each other:
husbands of two sisters are to each other:

great-grandfather/mother:
great-great-grandfather/mother:

Greek(ancient)

tribe:

father:

mother:

brother:

sister:

grandfather:

grandmother:

son:

daughter:

family:

And many other surprisingly specific words for certain relatives:

uncle (mother's brother):
uncle (father's brother):
aunt:
husband:
wife:

parents-in-law (to husband):
parents-in-law (to wife):
wife's brother:
wife's sister (This one is interesting)::
husband's brother:
husband's sister:

wifes of two brothers are to each other:
husbands of two sisters are to each other:

great-grandfather/mother:
great-great-grandfather/mother:

---------------------------------------------------------------------

Thanks to all.

Kest

P.S.

Lithuanian(supposed to be very conservative and archaic indoeuropean language)

Man - Žmogus
Man (male) - vyras
Man (female) - moteris

tribe: gentis

father: tėvas

mother: motina

brother: brolis

sister: sesuo

grandfather: senelis

grandmother: senelė, močiutė

son: sūnus

daughter: dukra

family: šeima

And many other surprisingly specific words for certain relatives:

uncle (mother's brother): dėdė
uncle (father's brother): dėdė
aunt: teta
husband: vyras
wife: žmona

parents-in-law (to husband):
parents-in-law (to wife):
wife's brother: švogeris
wife's sister (This one is interesting)::
husband's brother:
husband's sister:

wifes of two brothers are to each other:
husbands of two sisters are to each other:

great-grandfather/mother: prosenelė
great-great-grandfather/mother: prosenelis

Russian

Man- chieloviek (человек)
Man (male) - muzcina (мужчина)
Man (female) - zenscina (женщина)

Finnish
Man- ichminen
Man (male) - nainen
Man (female) - Mies

tribe: kansa

father: ise

mother: ayti

brother: veli

sister: sisko
grandfather: isoise

grandmother: isoaity

son: poika

daughter: dutter

family: perhe

And many other surprisingly specific words for certain relatives:

uncle (mother's brother): eno
uncle (father's brother): seta
aunt: teti
husband: aviomies
wife: vaimo

parents-in-law (to husband):
parents-in-law (to wife):
wife's brother: švogeris
wife's sister (This one is interesting)::
husband's brother:
husband's sister:

wifes of two brothers are to each other:
husbands of two sisters are to each other:

great-grandfather/mother: isoisoise
great-great-grandfather/mother: isoisoaiti

dime · #9 (**permalink**) Tuesday, July 10th, 2007

Macedonian

man- čovek
Man (male) - MAŽ
Man (female) - ŽENA

tribe: PLEME

father: TATKO

mother: MAJKA

brother: BRAT

sister: SESTRA

grandfather: DEDO

grandmother: BABA

son: SIN

daughter: KERKA

family: FAMILIJA

And many other surprisingly specific words for certain relatives:

uncle (mother's brother): VUJKO
uncle (father's brother): STRIKO
aunt: TETKA;
husband: SOPRUG
wife: SOPRUGA

parents-in-law (to husband):
parents-in-law (to wife):
wife's brother:
wife's sister (This one is interesting)::
husband's brother:
husband's sister:

wifes of two brothers are to each other:
husbands of two sisters are to each other:

great-grandfather/mother: PRA-DEDO/BABA
great-great-grandfather/mother: CHUKUN-DEDO/BABA

**kestutisturbo** · #10 (**permalink**) Wednesday, July 11th, 2007

The Balkan area is supposed to be the cradle of the first Europe inhabitants coming from Anatolia and Levant - 45-35 thousand year BC.
Exploring the oldest roots of some words (see ProtoWorld language The ProtoWorld language reconstruction - The ProtoWorld language reconstruction)
it is necessary to research the main and the most important objects names in Balkan!

How do You say in Balkan languages - HUMAN and MAN(male), MAN(female)...?

(Produced by united investigators - Bardyllis, Dime, Levin, Sfd, Kestutisturbo. Join this team!)
(The lack of CROATIAN, BULGARIAN, MONTENEGRIN and GREECE)

Slovenian:

Man- človek
Man (male) - moški (Bardyllis)
Man (female) -
family

Woman: ženska
Wife: žena (soproga, which means simply "female companion")
Hag (derogatory for woman): ženšče
Man: moški (or mož, but this second word has limited uses and they are not equal)
child: otrok (supposed etimology: od-rok, litterally "away from the hands", the word supposedly meant a slave or simply an unequal, who had to be given food (with the hands))
child: additionally, dete is used (for small children)
baby: dojenček (dojiti=to nurse, "one who is breast-fed")

tribe: pleme, rod

father: oče (vocative of "otec", now used as nominative)

mother: mati, mama

brother: brat

sister: sestra

grandfather: stari oče, ded, dedek

grandmother: stara mati/stara mama, babica, babi

son: sin

daughter: hči, hčerka

family: družina; also rod, sorodstvo (wider family)

uncle (mother's brother): ujec (it's archaic, "stric" is used for this as well nowadays)
uncle (father's brother): stric
aunt: teta, also strina (in certain dialects)
husband: mož, ženin (groom, litterally means "wife's - of the wife"), soprog
wife: žena, nevesta (bride), soproga

parents-in-law (to husband): tast(m) & tašča(f)
parents-in-law (to wife): tast(m) & tašča(f)
wife's brother: svak
wife's sister (This one is interesting):: svakinja
husband's brother: svak
husband's sister: svakinja
note that "svak" & "svakinja" are also used for your sibling's partners (for example, your brother's wife is also your "svakinja")

wifes of two brothers are to each other: I honestly don't know
husbands of two sisters are to each other: this as well I better ask my grandparents

great-grandfather/mother: praded, pradedek
great-great-grandfather/mother: prapraded, prapradedek
(by Gromoljut)

Croatian:

Man- čovjek
Man (male) - muškarac (Bardyllis)
Man (female) -

tribe:

father:

mother:

brother:

sister:

grandfather:

grandmother:

son:

daughter:

family:

And many other surprisingly specific words for certain relatives:

uncle (mother's brother):
uncle (father's brother):
aunt:
husband:
wife:

parents-in-law (to husband):
parents-in-law (to wife):
wife's brother:
wife's sister (This one is interesting)::
husband's brother:
husband's sister:

wifes of two brothers are to each other:
husbands of two sisters are to each other:

great-grandfather/mother:
great-great-grandfather/mother:

Serbian: -------- Bulgarian:

Man- čovek
Man (male) - muškarac (Bardyllis)
Man (female) -

Serbian:
----------

Man-
Man (male) -
Man (female) -
family: PORODICA (from ROD, RODITI - to give birth), FAMILIJA and OBITELJ (obsolete; from OBITOVATI - to live /together/; used to describe monastery 'families' of monks)

tribe: PLEME

father: OTAC (?); nicknames: TATA, TALE, TAJO, ĆAĆA, ĆALE, BÁBO, BÁBA. Supposedly there was an older form PITAR (PITATI, to feed /Slavonic/) meaning 'feeder', which connects to Latin PATER and Germanic VATER/FATHER

mother: MATER (never used to address her like that), MATERA; nicknames: MAJKA ('official'), MAMA, MAJA, MATI (less formal)

brother: BRAT

sister: SESTRA

grandfather: DĚD; DEDA, DIDA, DEDO, ĐED... also used for any old man

grandmother: BABA; BAJKA, BAKA - also used for any old woman

son: SIN

daughter: corrupted from Slavonic D'ŠTER (never in use) KĆER, KĆERKA, ĆERKA, ŠĆER (local)

And many other surprisingly specific words for certain relatives:

uncle (mother's brother): UJAK; his wife is UJNA. You are to him NETIJAK or NEĆAK (compare: Nephew)
uncle (father's brother): STRIC; his wife is STRINA. You are to him SINOVAC
aunt: TETKA; her husband TETAK or TEČA. You are to her SESTRIĆ or BRATIĆ (depends on whether you are her sister's or her brother's son)
husband: MUŽ, SUPRUG; to his wife's relatives, he is ZET
wife: ŽENA, SUPRUGA; to her husband relatives, she is SNAŠA or SNAJKA

Cousins (children of aunts and uncles) are considered 'second' brothers and sisters, and are called brat and sestra, as one's own siblings.

This one is interesting:
SVASTIKA: wife's sister. How is this related to symbol svastika? Simply through Sanskrit SVAST meaning happiness. SVAST is the root of both SESTRA and SVASTIKA. Originally, it is I-E 'SVASTRA', derived to Schwester in German and sister in English, in Serbian it was reduced to sestra, but in svastika the root remained unchanged, due to easier pronunciation and lack of simplification possibilities.

parents-in-law (to husband): TAST and TAŠTA, or PUNAC and PUNICA (local and obsolete)
parents-in-law (to wife): SVEKAR and SVEKRVA
wife's brother: ŠURAK
wife's sister: SVASTIKA
husband's brother: DĚVER
husband's sister: ZAOVA

wifes of two brothers are to each other: JETRVA
husbands of two sisters are to each other: PAŠENOG

great-grandfather/mother: PRA-DĚD/BABA
great-great-grandfather/mother: ČUKUN-DĚD/BABA

(Levin)

Albanian:
(only standard dialelect because Albanian language have 4 dialect, Gegë, Toskë, Arbëresh and Arvanitë) -Sfd

MAN = Njëri or Njeri
Man (male) = Burrë, Zotëri
Man (female) = Grua, Zonjë

tribe: Fis, Farefis
father: At, Atë
mother: Nënë, Nanë
brother: Vëlla, Vlla
sister: Motër

grandfather: Gjysh, Gjyshi
grandmother: Gjyshja
son: Djalë, Bir, çun
daughter: Vajzë, Bijë, Gocë, Qikë
family: Familja, Fis

uncle (mother's brother):
uncle (father's brother):
aunt: , Tezë, Tetë, Hallë
husband: Burri, Bashkshorti, I Shoqi
wife: Gruja, Bashkshortja, Nuse, E Shoqja

great-grandfather/mother: Stergjyshi/Stergjyshja
great-great-grandfather/mother: Katragjyshi/Katragjysja
(by Sfd)

English-Albanian and Albanian-English dictionary / Fjalor anglisht-shqip dhe shqip anglisht An English - Albanian, Albanian - English Online Dictionary.
(Bardyllis)

Montenegrin

Man-
Man (male) -
Man (female) -

tribe:

father:

mother:

brother:

sister:

grandfather:

grandmother:

son:

daughter:

family:

And many other surprisingly specific words for certain relatives:

uncle (mother's brother):
uncle (father's brother):
aunt:
husband:
wife:

parents-in-law (to husband):
parents-in-law (to wife):
wife's brother:
wife's sister (This one is interesting)::
husband's brother:
husband's sister:

wifes of two brothers are to each other:
husbands of two sisters are to each other:

great-grandfather/mother:
great-great-grandfather/mother:

Macedonian

man- čovek
Man (male) - MAŽ
Man (female) - ŽENA

tribe: PLEME

father: TATKO

mother: MAJKA

brother: BRAT

sister: SESTRA

grandfather: DEDO

grandmother: BABA

son: SIN

daughter: KERKA

family: FAMILIJA

And many other surprisingly specific words for certain relatives:

uncle (mother's brother): VUJKO
uncle (father's brother): STRIKO
aunt: TETKA;
husband: SOPRUG
wife: SOPRUGA

parents-in-law (to husband):
parents-in-law (to wife):
wife's brother:
wife's sister (This one is interesting)::
husband's brother:
husband's sister:

wifes of two brothers are to each other:
husbands of two sisters are to each other:

great-grandfather/mother: PRA-DEDO/BABA
great-great-grandfather/mother: CHUKUN-DEDO/BABA

(Dime)

Greek(new) :

MAN - Andros.
Man (male) -
Man (female) -

tribe:

father:

mother:

brother:

sister:

grandfather:

grandmother:

son:

daughter:

family:

And many other surprisingly specific words for certain relatives:

uncle (mother's brother):
uncle (father's brother):
aunt: TETKA;
husband:
wife:

parents-in-law (to husband):
parents-in-law (to wife):
wife's brother:
wife's sister (This one is interesting)::
husband's brother:
husband's sister:

wifes of two brothers are to each other:
husbands of two sisters are to each other:

great-grandfather/mother:
great-great-grandfather/mother:

Greek(ancient)

tribe:

father:

mother:

brother:

sister:

grandfather:

grandmother:

son:

daughter:

family:

And many other surprisingly specific words for certain relatives:

uncle (mother's brother):
uncle (father's brother):
aunt:
husband:
wife:

parents-in-law (to husband):
parents-in-law (to wife):
wife's brother:
wife's sister (This one is interesting)::
husband's brother:
husband's sister:

wifes of two brothers are to each other:
husbands of two sisters are to each other:

great-grandfather/mother:
great-great-grandfather/mother:

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Thanks to all.

Kest

P.S.

Lithuanian(supposed to be very conservative and archaic indoeuropean language)

Man - Žmogus
Man (male) - vyras
Man (female) - moteris

tribe: gentis

father: tėvas

mother: motina

brother: brolis

sister: sesuo

grandfather: senelis

grandmother: senelė, močiutė

son: sūnus

daughter: dukra

family: šeima

And many other surprisingly specific words for certain relatives:

uncle (mother's brother): dėdė
uncle (father's brother): dėdė
aunt: teta
husband: vyras
wife: žmona

parents-in-law (to husband):
parents-in-law (to wife):
wife's brother: švogeris
wife's sister (This one is interesting)::
husband's brother:
husband's sister:

wifes of two brothers are to each other:
husbands of two sisters are to each other:

great-grandfather/mother: prosenelė
great-great-grandfather/mother: prosenelis

Russian

Man- chieloviek (человек)
Man (male) - muzcina (мужчина)
Man (female) - zenscina (женщина)

Finnish
Man- ichminen
Man (male) - nainen
Man (female) - Mies

tribe: kansa

father: ise

mother: ayti

brother: veli

sister: sisko
grandfather: isoise

grandmother: isoaity

son: poika

daughter: dutter

family: perhe

And many other surprisingly specific words for certain relatives:

uncle (mother's brother): eno
uncle (father's brother): seta
aunt: teti
husband: aviomies
wife: vaimo

parents-in-law (to husband):
parents-in-law (to wife):
wife's brother: švogeris
wife's sister (This one is interesting)::
husband's brother:
husband's sister:

wifes of two brothers are to each other:
husbands of two sisters are to each other:

great-grandfather/mother: isoisoise
great-great-grandfather/mother: isoisoaiti