Vikings in South America

[Strengthandhonour]

While living in Argentina a few years ago, one of my father's friends was of Scandinavian background and was very interested on vikings and had studied them greatly throughout his life. He mentioned that there could had been possibilities of vikings in South America, I never believed much of it but found it fascinating, mainly due to the adventure of it.
Obviously there is not enough information to confirm such a big theory but small articles and some images.
Information on this theory is scarce, so I have decided to make a compilation of it.


Vikings in south america?





(A)Runes on the 'coiffure' of a statue from San Augustin, Columbia. (B) Runes found on a Nazca urn, Peru, followed by their 'normalization'. The American archeological establishment admits that the Vikings made it as far as Greenland and probably had a settlement in northeastern Canada at L'Anse aux Meadows; but the Kensington Stone, the Newport Tower, Oklahoma runes, etc., and other evidence of further penetration into the New World are viewed with approbation, even contempt. Nevertheless, the latest number of the Belgian journal Kadath is devoted entirely to Viking (hyperboreene) contacts in South America! Now that's a far piece from Greenland.
This long article (40 pages) is replete with photographs, interpretations, and translations of runic inscriptions found in Argentina, Brazil, and Paraguay. It is impossible to do justice to this mass of inscriptions here, but we will reproduce one of the figures below.
(de Mahieu, Jacques; "Corpus des Inscriptions Runiques d'Amerique du Sud," Kadath, no. 68, p. 11, 1988.) Comment. To American anomalists, the frustrating part of this whole business is the need to go to foreign-language journals to escape the prison of archeological orthodoxy. South American runes are rarely mentioned in American archeological journals, and we doubt that the treasure house of material just presented in Kadath will make much of an impression on this side of the Atlantic. Why risk one's career for a few scratches on South American rocks?
source: http://www.science-frontiers.com/sf062/sf062a02.htm

[Strengthandhonour]

Vikings in Paraguay 1996



At the moment [written in 1996] I am involved in trying to get a British TV Production company to make a programme about a cave in Paraguay... this is what it concerns.



The whole teaching of American history is that Christopher Columbus discovered America. The Americans even have a special yearly holiday called ‘Columbus Day’, and there's a huge industry dependent upon Columbus pictures, Columbus statues, and Columbus toilet-roll holders etc.!

What I have, would blow a hole in all that, and provide evidence that the first Europeans to set foot on the soil of the Americas were Scandinavian Vikings - hundreds of years before Christopher Columbus ever saw the light of day!
The Vikings were fierce warriors who left their homes in Scandinavia, and sailed in their longboats to far, distant places, and attacked and robbed people. Sometimes they settled in these foreign lands, as they did in Britain, France, Ireland, Turkey, Russia, southern Italy, The Ukraine, etc., and mixed with the indigenous people, often bequeathing their language, and social habits, as they did in Britain.

For many years, archaeologists and historians have speculated about the possibility of pre-Columbian incursions by Viking adventurers into the Americas. The so called Vinland Map was at the centre of a storm of speculation that Viking voyagers had landed on the north-eastern sea-board of what is now The United States, but until now, no real evidence has been uncovered to give credence to theories based on circumstantial evidence

A Paraguayan friend Raul Gonzalez Allen, who lives in the capital Asunción, is the Executive Director of an officially recognised Foundation called Ecocultura. This organisation has been set up by a decree of President Wasmosy of Paraguay with the intention of rescuing, and bringing to the attention of the world, the numerous petroglyphs that have been discovered in the Mountains of Amambay 500 km to the north of the capital, and in Ybytyruzú 200 km to the south.

Sixty-one of these rock inscriptions have been identified as Viking Runes (Viking alphabet) by the Runologist Dr. Hermann Munk, who has stated that the Paraguayan sites are a uniquely important legacy of Viking culture. According to Professor Vicente Pistilli, an anthropologist, and President of the Instituto Paraguayo de Ciencias del Hombre (Paraguayan Institute of Human Sciences.), there's no question that Viking penetration of Central South America took place through Brasil, to their primary centre called Tiahuanacu in Bolivia.

Together with a French expert Jacques de Maihe, Pistelli and Munk are adamant that the stone inscriptions are the work of Scandinavian voyagers made long before Christopher Columbus saw the light of day. Señor Allen has just sent me a video recording of their latest expedition to the Amambay Mountain site, which shows the nature of the terrain, and some of the many carvings. I also now have a photograph of an axehead, claimed by them to be of Viking type, which I've sent to my daughter Freja who's an Archaeologist, and her American husband John - who's an Egyptologist at Liverpool University - to have it authenticated by experts in the field of Viking artefacts.

When I discussed it with them, they were naturally cautious. Being professionals, they're aware that there have been many instances of 'so called' discoveries in North America, which later turned out to be frauds, or were the result of evidence that had been wrongly interpreted due to 'wishful thinking' or 'self delusion'. One thing is certain however - based on the evidence, together with the academic stature of the principle exponents of the discovery, there's definitely a requirement for an investigative TV programme of the 'Popular Archaeology’ category, either to expose the claim as preposterous, or, if it turns out to be true, to inform the world that the Viking exploration of The Americas that has hitherto been surmised as inordinately likely - in fact took place. If the outcome proved to be the latter, then the programme would go down in the annals of TV journalism as the programme that changed our understanding of history, and the sites of Amambay and Ybytyruzú— would be inundated by the mass-media of every nation in the world. Now I am in the process of contacting various British TV programme Editors and TV personalities to try and interest them in producing a feature programme on the subject.



Well I said that Professor Vicente Pistilli had identified the axehead as being of Viking origin. I had the photograph greatly enlarged and sent it to two of the leading archeological authorities specialising in the Viking period and Scandinavian artefacts - Dr. D.A. Hall of the Jorvik Viking Museum in York, and Dr. Colleen Batey of the Department of Archaeology at Glasgow University in Scotland. Both of these world-renowned authorities of the period rejected the axehead as Viking, and said it is nothing like any Scandinavian product that they've ever seen. This raises worrying ramifications regarding the publicity that Ecocultura are promulgating, for if the axehead is false, it should not really be used as part of the promotional material and literature. For as more people check on the axehead's provenance, and the word spreads that the axehead is not a genuine Viking implement, the veracity and seriousness of the whole Ecocultura Organisation will be challenged.

It also raises serious worries concerning Prof. Pistilli, for he was undoubtedly wrong to make pronouncements of this importance without seeking expert opinion from European experts before pronouncing the axehead as Scandinavian in origin. In a wider perspective, it casts doubt on the whole interpretation of the petroglyphs as being of Viking derivation. Once people’s doubts have been raised, it is human nature for them to look more closely at other claims, and for scepticism to escalate about the whole proposition
Source: http://evans-experientialism.freeweb.../florry006.htm

[Savage]

Originally Posted by Strengthandhonour

What I have, would blow a hole in all that, and provide evidence that the first Europeans to set foot on the soil of the Americas were Scandinavian Vikings - hundreds of years before Christopher Columbus ever saw the light of day!

Where was Vinland?

In the 1960's, the Norwegian explorer and writer Helge Ingstad and his archaeologist wife, Stine, decided to resolve the question of whether Vinland meant "Grassland" or "Wine-land?"

Following the sailing instructions outlined within the sagas, Ingstad ended up at L'Anse aux Meadows, a grassy expanse located on the northernmost tip of Newfoundland.

Excavations began in 1961 and revealed the remains of eight turf-walled houses. One of these was a longhouse measuring 22m by 15 m (72 ft by 50 ft), and contained five rooms along with a "great hall," and a smithy, where bog iron was smelted. Several of the houses had stone ember pits identical to those found in Norse houses in Greenland. Another artifact unearthed was a soapstone spindle whorl, similar to those discovered in Norse ruins in Greenland, Iceland, and Scandinavia. This find suggests that women as well as men were present at the site, which is also consistent with the sagas.

The land they found had fertile soil, abundant game resources for either fishing or hunting, and iron. The climate was mild and provided a stable environment for crops if they chose to raise them. Was this in fact Vinland? The question still stands, but we do know that this is undoubtedly the site of a Norse settlement from around AD 1000.

The Norse settlements at Greenland

Modern research has found that a sudden climate change brought a handful of winters on a row with now summers between. The population of about 5000 in 1370, froze or starbed to death, or escaped. And these were not people that sat down waiting to die.

Of course some of them escaped, according to the climatic conditons, it had to be southwards. They may have been blocked from reaching Iceland, as there are no references in the Icelendic sagas to survivors from the Greenland catastrophe.

And if some fleed southwards, their cellphone battieries must have been outloaded, as no one called Iceland to report the catastrophe, or what new strands they were heading for.

A factor that should be calculated in, are that these charachters were different from us in mentality. They were survivors, used to balance on the edge under tough conditions. And they were not stupid, even if TV signals with world news did not reach Greenland in 1370. Of course some tried, or managed to escape southwards.

But the only handfast and documented tracks after these, are located to Greenland, and to New Foundland. Btw, have you ever wondered about the roots of the name "New Foundland".? Could be ancient...

After this, the norse greenlenders just slides into the dark of history. One problem with documentations in the sagas are they had no chance to report to "home"- Their cellphones were dead, and their letter pigeons had probably already ended their pigeon-careers as sunday dinners....

On the other hand, there are no proofs that the surviving greenlenders did not reach South America. At about 1400 a tribe of tall blonde warriors enters Peru. These came by boat across the sea from north. They became bodyguard of the local ruler. I do not say they were norse..., but they could perhaps be. The timing fits...

[Señor Malo]

Vikings has been exploiting North American coastal land for wood, stone and other goods for three centuries (it is stimated that they abandonned Vinland, Markland ect by the mid 1300's) In three centuries of whereabouts if not impossible that they have reached south America. Yet I think unlikely to go as far and as inside as Paraguay though the Plate River-Parana system is a good navigable route.

[Savage]

Originally Posted by searcher of truth

Vikings has been exploiting North American coastal land for wood, stone and other goods for three centuries (it is stimated that they abandonned Vinland, Markland ect by the mid 1300's) In three centuries of whereabouts if not impossible that they have reached south America. Yet I think unlikely to go as far and as inside as Paraguay though the Plate River-Parana system is a good navigable route.

They gathered timber and other goods, also it is documented in 3 independent Icelendic clans sagas how they live there for a few years, but had to retreat because of habituary attacs from the local indians and diseases.

I can hardly imagine they reached South America, I will not believe it until I see handfast proofs. But we cannot prove that they did not either.

To thre runelike inscriptions found in South America and elsewhere, I believe it is like the kindling fire and use of the wheel, these knowledges were gradual developed by varios peoples all around the world. It was never invented by one single "nobelprize candidate" but were gradual developed through generations.

So with the runelike inscriptions. The shape of the letters are more or less given, according to the materials. When carving in wood and stone, the angled runic shapes works well with the substance of the wood, with less chance for splintering it up, and to not slide when crossing the direction of the fibres in the wood.

So is it with stone, the layers in stone, and the veins of various substances within it, makes it easier to get an useful result by not using round or bowed shapes on small items without cracking them. And their tools were probably rather primitive. So to a large degree, the angled shape of runes are determined by the possibilities of the materials at hand.

And strictly, the term "rune" is bound to a certain mythology, and even if scripts based on the same physical principes would look very runelike, it would not be runes if they did not spring out of that concise tradition. Alike yes, but not exactly runes...

But history shows that reality is more fantastic than any fantasy. I also can imagine that the original name at Hawaii could have been Havøy, Norwegian meaning; -hav= sea, and -øy= island.
The northwestern passage has been open many times, the ice comes and goes, so it may be that some has come through and out into the Pacific Ocean...

[Señor Malo]

Originally Posted by Thore Hund

They gathered timber and other goods, also it is documented in 3 independent Icelendic clans sagas how they live there for a few years, but had to retreat because of habituary attacs from the local indians and diseases.

I can hardly imagine they reached South America, I will not believe it until I see handfast proofs. But we cannot prove that they did not either.

To thre runelike inscriptions found in South America and elsewhere, I believe it is like the kindling fire and use of the wheel, these knowledges were gradual developed by varios peoples all around the world. It was never invented by one single "nobelprize candidate" but were gradual developed through generations.

So with the runelike inscriptions. The shape of the letters are more or less given, according to the materials. When carving in wood and stone, the angled runic shapes works well with the substance of the wood, with less chance for splintering it up, and to not slide when crossing the direction of the fibres in the wood.

So is it with stone, the layers in stone, and the veins of various substances within it, makes it easier to get an useful result by not using round or bowed shapes on small items without cracking them. And their tools were probably rather primitive. So to a large degree, the angled shape of runes are determined by the possibilities of the materials at hand.

And strictly, the term "rune" is bound to a certain mythology, and even if scripts based on the same physical principes would look very runelike, it would not be runes if they did not spring out of that concise tradition. Alike yes, but not exactly runes...

But history shows that reality is more fantastic than any fantasy. I also can imagine that the original name at Hawaii could have been Havøy, Norwegian meaning; -hav= sea, and -øy= island.
The northwestern passage has been open many times, the ice comes and goes, so it may be that some has come through and out into the Pacific Ocean...

excellent observations about the invention of the wheel.
It has been frequently argued about an "universal pyramid civilisation" because their ocurencein places as Egypt and Mexico+Honduras.
This is nothig of the kind, no need to see a nobelprice candidate" as you said for expalining occurence of pyramids in such distant places.
The explanation is very easy; pyramids in early Egypt as well as the mexican ones are "degree pyramids"; a serie of constuctions lying one over each other, with the greater ones on the botton and the smaller ones on the top.
Now give a game consisting in blocs of diffrent sizes to a child living in Australia, to another child living is saami lands, another livng in per, another living in japan etc etc and you will see that sooner or later ll of them will arrive to the ame conclusions: they shal put the smaller blocs on the biger ones.Here you have how pyramids coud be built in diffrent places and epochs with no connection.


About runes and other, I even read about discovery of phoenician and even cretan caracters discovered in northern Venezuela nda magazine about "mysteries" claimed the discovery of a phoenician vessel in NE Argentina dating by...10 000 BC

[Señor Malo]

Originally Posted by Thore Hund

And strictly, the term "rune" is bound to a certain mythology, and even if scripts based on the same physical principes would look very runelike, it would not be runes if they did not spring out of that concise tradition. Alike yes, but not exactly runes...

I agree, too.
I will not consider them as true runes untill a runes specialist identifies the runic simbols they are suposed to represent and till none achieves at least a partial translation (and that indeed establishes that it is written in a norse or icelandic tongue).

Originally Posted by Thore Hund

But history shows that reality is more fantastic than any fantasy. I also can imagine that the original name at Hawaii could have been Havøy, Norwegian meaning; -hav= sea, and -øy= island.
The northwestern passage has been open many times, the ice comes and goes, so it may be that some has come through and out into the Pacific Ocean...

Well, many would take your explanation above for a granted fact, without searching for further proofs

[Herac]

There are books about this issue edited here in Brazil.

One of them talks about Viking that entered through the brazilian rain forest the Amazon river and had contact with indians. Specially Viking woman - that's why the name of the river (Amazon) and the forest (Amazonia).

[Strengthandhonour]

Herac, do you have any links to this?or where this books could be purchased?I dont speak Portugese, but understand it well enough to read texts and understand what is being said. I heard that they have found viking coins in the amazon and indians with blond hair and blue eyes(which dosnt mean much,could had been Portugese or other type of explorers)

[Savage]

Originally Posted by searcher of truth

About runes and other, I even read about discovery of phoenician and even cretan caracters discovered in northern Venezuela nda magazine about "mysteries" claimed the discovery of a phoenician vessel in NE Argentina dating by...10 000 BC

I have also seen charming history versions describing a highculture at Iceland 30 000 years ago...

These had large seagoing hydrofoils. In this context parts of the Norse pantheon are much older than usually assumed. Balder becomes in the middle east to Baal, and the middle eastern civilisations are enlighted and organized by these early Icelenders.

These were Sea-kings, and they called themselves kings. Their descenders generations later knew this, so they said "-We, kings.."; Vi-kings"

This should be useful knowledge for the "nordists"...

I `ll see if I can find the links, its rather amusing.

In alternate history, 30 000 yers ago is rather interesting and entertaining. Also the saga of Atlantis is located to that days, suggesting the Icelendic highculture as survivors from Atlantis, after the cathastrophic long wars with Mu.

Also according to Mexican Starships, from the local high technological cultures, long lost. It is all found documented under Mexico City, acccording to esoteric tradition. Mexico City are buildt opon the old capital, that is older than 30 000 years.

Theses civilisations were said to have regular connections with extraterrestials, and are also said to have had their own starships. I do not even consider these theories.

On the other hand, when I was 12, me and two comrades watched a sqad of 5 radiating UFO`s for about 30 minutes. Globe shaped, different colors, magnetic glide movements. Not accellerating gradual, ...just...sliding the skies. Time were about 17.00, a bright sunday...

We had no camera available.

There were several other reports on UFO in that area that summer. So, I do not know what it was, but certainly not any known terrestial objects. Anyway, next time my neckhairs freeze to ice, I am not that surprised. But shocked, of course.

But prepeared, maybe I could meet extraterrestials without that my mind were blown, maybe not.

In most cases of the old generations, it would be too much for most to handle such occations intellectual, their would in many cases lose their sense, as the basics for all they think they "know" are proven to be wrong. That is when people are "loosing it". So they protect themselves, by filtering it, and "not seeing it".

For the new generations, minds are more adaptable to such new "facts". The young generation have an idea of what hitech can do, and their minds are better prepeared to handle with such realities that will be displayed when the time is ripe.

" Books on UFO, and movies on such, are to a large degree inspired and published as a part of that campaign. To put it in short. Numerous artists and scientists all over the world are subconscious telepathical linked up with extraterrestial embassadors. This is a part of the process of prepearing humanity mentally to socialize with others..."

And to get down to earth,...quite realistic, what is the mathematical chance that Earthlings are alone in space?...See...

[Herac]

Originally Posted by Strengthandhonour

Herac, do you have any links to this?or where this books could be purchased?I dont speak Portugese, but understand it well enough to read texts and understand what is being said. I heard that they have found viking coins in the amazon and indians with blond hair and blue eyes(which dosnt mean much,could had been Portugese or other type of explorers)

LANGER, Johnni. Vikings no Brasil? Nossa História (Fundação Biblioteca
Nacional), ano 1, n. 3, 2004.

This is the most famous book. I found it in an old book store here. There's an interesting photografic exposition, showing indians with european traits in the middle of the rain forest. The first chapter of the book is singular... it's a XVI century's report of a portuguese explorer of rain forest and amazon river, that talks about "tall warrior women" with blond hair and blue eyes (amazon?) that they've found, who lead the brazilian indians in wars... if it's true, it's amanzing!

I don't have them online. When I get a scanner, I'll certaintly put those pics here.

[Strengthandhonour]

That sound most incredible. I am sure more than one looks forward to noticing some of this photographs, while that happens I will try to find this book.