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Originally Posted by Sigel
Interesting link. Seems to be the divine (via Peter) hand upon him.
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Indeed. I believe it is based upon the promises Christ made, namely that he would send the "Spirit of Truth" to dwell within his Church for all time, as well as commands that the Church should be obeyed for all time. Thus the Catholic Church deduces that Christ would not have commaned such a thing if his Church could become corrupt and lead people astray. Similarly, if the "Spirit of Truth" (ie Holy Spirit) resided in that Church then it must perform a function for the preservation of truth against error, which would be God's guarantee that the previous instruction could be obeyed in good conscience.
That is what Papal Infallibility is, the invoking of the "Spirit of Truth" to protect the Pope from proclaiming error to be true dogma.
As mentioned, Papal infallibility only operates under certain conditions and is actually invoked quite rarely. It doesn't mean the Pope is always right, as is commonly misunderstood.