[ edit: split follow-up to Nordic phenotype vs Nordic genotype, and origins. ]
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If we agree in that, ceteris paribus, differences in skeletal morphology come mainly as a result of long-term adaptation to different environments --and I believe that no one would argue against that--, then I believe that one explanation for any metrical similarities between Nordids and Mediterranids, may well come from the fact that both are types that evolved in environments that offered some coincidence. Most likely this coincidence is that they were coastal regions.
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In the end, the coastal areas helped to preserve what was produced further back in time, mainly because in some regions the nutrition and climate as well as the selective pressures were more positive in coastal areas.
But the Nordid and Mediterranid variants were once much more widespread and dominate in environments which are not too cold nor too hot, offered fairly good living conditions. Furthermore the areas were rather flat and there was a constant competition on a high level of groups and individuals for the ressources.
You should rather ask why the Nordid and Mediterranid (European Aurignacoids) were so successful first, after the end of the Ice Age, and lost terrain later. To answere this one has to look at the way they lived and the climate changed.